Maemedi [Pronouns] (Setswana)
Maemedi a Setswana
Maemedi (pronouns) a dirisiwa bo boemong ja maina go itsa go boeletsa go dirisa maina kgapetsa-kgapetsa. Mo Setswaneng, maemedi a kgona gape go dirisiwa go gatelela gore go buiwa ka ofe. Bomaitseanape le barutegi ba ka kwala go le gontsi, ba tlhalosa mefuta e e farologanyeng ya maemedi. Mathata ke gore ditlhaloso tse dingwe tse di ka opisa motho wa nama le madi tlhogo. Ka jalo, rona re iebagantse fela le mefuta e mebedi e e tlwaelesegileng thata: Leemedi-tota [absolute pronoun] le leemedi-lesupi [demonstrative pronoun].
1. Leemedi-tota [Absolute pronoun]
Popego ya maemedi a e lomotshega motlhofo, ka e laolwa thata ke Setlhopha sa Maina se leemedi la teng le se kayana. Maemedi a bopiwa ka dinoko tse pedi, ebong thito “-ne” le tlhogwana e e laolwang ke setlhopha sa maina.
Setlhopha | Tlhogo | Leemedi |
1 | mo- | ene |
monna | monna ene | |
1a | ɸ | ene |
Gabriel/rakgadi | Gabriel ene | |
2 | ba- | bone |
basadi | basadi bone | |
2a | bo- | bone |
boRaphael/bomalome | boRaphael bone | |
3 | mo- | one |
mopipi | mopipi one | |
4 | me- | yone |
meropa | meropa yone | |
5 | le- | lone |
lerapo | lerapo lone | |
6 | ma- | one |
maaka | maaka one | |
7 | se- | sone |
selepe | selepe sone | |
8 | di- | tsone |
dibini | dibini tsone | |
9 | N- | yone |
katse | katse yone | |
10 | diN- | tsone |
dipodi | dipodi tsone | |
11 | lo- | lone |
lore | lore lone | |
14 | bo- | jone/bone |
botsipa | botsipa jone | |
15 | go- | gone |
go ja | go ja gone | |
16 | fa- | gone |
fale | fale gone | |
17 | go- | gone |
godimo | godimo gone | |
18 | mo- | gone |
morago | morago gone |
Leemedi-tota le ka dirisiwa go gatelela/papamatsa sediri ka go bewa le tlhomagane le leina la sediri:
<Dipodi tsone di sutlhile>
Le ka diriswa gape le le losi (le sa bapisa leina). mme fa go ntse jaana ga le na bokao ja go gatelela:
<Tsone di suthile>
Le kgona go diriswa gape go emela sedirwa.
<O batla tsone>
2. Leemedi-lesupi [Demonstrative pronoun]
Leemedi-lesupi [Demonstrative pronoun] le supa gore sebui se kgakala go le kae go tswa mo selong se a buang ka sone. Bokgakala bo kgaogantswe gararo (bona moalo o o latelang).
1. Boemo ja ntlha (fa). Go supa fa selo se bapile le sebui. Le fa go ntse jalo, go kgona go dirisiwa mogatlana “-na” [fana] kgotsa “-no” [fano] go kaya kgatelelo mo boemong ja ntlha. dikai: lefoko le; lefoko lena.
2. Boemo ja mobedi (fao). Go supa fa selo se go buiwang ka sone se le gaufi le mmuisiwa. Le bopiwa ka go tsenya mogatlana “-o”; sekai, lefoko leo.
3. Boemo ja boraro (fale). Go supa fa selo se go buiwang ka sone se le kgakala le sebui le mmuisiwa. Le bopiwa ka go tsenya mogatlana “-le”; sekai, lefoko lele.
Setlhopha | Tlhogo | Maemo a Ntlha | Maemo a Ntlha (Kgatelelo) | Maemo a Bobedi | Maemo a Boraro |
1 | mo- | yo | yona/yono | yoo | yole |
monna | mmitse monna yo | mmitse monna yona | mmitse monna yoo | mmitse monna yole | |
1a | ɸ | yo | yona/yono | yoo | yole |
Gabriel/rakgadi | mmitse rakgadi yo | mmitse rakgadi yono | mmitse rakgadi yoo | mmitse rakgadi yole | |
2 | ba- | ba | bana/bano | bao | bale |
basadi | ba bitse basadi ba | ba bitse basadi bana | ba bitse basadi bao | ba bitse basadi bale | |
2a | bo- | ba | bana/bano | bao | bale |
boRaphael/bomalome | ba bitse bomalome ba | ba bitse bomalome bano | ba bitse bomalome bao | ba bitse bomalome bale | |
3 | mo- | o | ona/ono | oo | ole |
mopipi | o tshube mopipi o | o tshube mopipi ona | o tshube mopipi oo | o tshube mopipi ole | |
4 | me- | e | ena/eno | eo | ele |
meropa | e letse, meropa e | e letse, meropa eno | e letse, meropa eo | e letse, meropa ele | |
5 | le- | le | lena/leno | leo | lele |
lerapo | le robe, lerapo le | le robe, lerapo lena | le robe, lerapo leo | le robe, lerapo lele | |
6 | ma- | a | ana/eno | ao | ale |
maaka | a ganetse, maaka a | a ganetse, maaka ano | a ganetse, maaka ao | a ganetse, maaka ale | |
7 | se- | se | sena/seno | seo | sele |
selepe | se lotse, selepe se | se lotse, selepe sena | se lotse, selepe seo | se lotse, selepe sele | |
8 | di- | tse | tsena/tseno | tseo | tsele |
dibini | di opedise, dibini tse | di opedise, dibini tseno | di opedise, dibini tseo | di opedise, dibini tsele | |
9 | N- | e | ena/eno | eo | tse |
katse | e kobe, katse e | e kobe, katse ena | e kobe, katse eo | e kobe, katse ele | |
10 | diN- | tse | tsena/tseno | tseo | tsele |
dipodi | di game, dipodi tse | di game, dipodi tseno | di game, dipodi tseo | di game, dipodi tsele | |
11 | lo- | lo | lona/lono | loo | lole |
lore | lo obe, lore lo | lo obe, lore lona | lo obe, lore loo | lo obe, lore lole | |
14 | bo- | jo | jona/jono | joo | jole |
botsipa | bo supe, botsipa jo | bo supe, botsipa jono | bo supe, botsipa joo | bo supe, botsipa jole | |
15 | go- | – | – | – | – |
go ja | – | – | – | – | |
16 | fa- | – | – | – | – |
fale | – | – | – | – | |
17 | go- | – | – | – | – |
godimo | – | – | – | – | |
18 | mo- | – | – | – | – |
morago | – | – | – | – |
Go boela kwa tsebeng-kgolo ya Dikarolo tsa Puo, tobetsa gone fa, mme fa o batla go bala tsebe yone e ka Sekgowa, tobetsa Maemedi [Pronouns] (English).